VOCABULARY SYSTEM HUMAN BODY

1. arteries Any of the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all

parts of the body

2. heart The muscular organ inside the chest that pumps blood through the

body

3. blood The red liquid that flows throughout the bodies of humans

4. veins One of the blood vessels through which the blood flows to the heart

from all parts of the body

5. blood vessels Tubes in the body through which blood circulates

6. capillaries Blood vessels that join the end of an artery to the beginning of a vein

7. gallbladder A sac attached to the liver, in which extra bile is stored until needed

8. esophagus The passage for food from the mouth to travel to the stomach

9. large intestine The lower part of the intestine, including the appendix, colon, and

rectum

10. mouth The section of the body containing the tongue and teeth which opens

to allow food to pass through

11. stomach The large organ like a bag or pouch into which food passes from the

mouth and throat to begin the process of digestion

12. liver A large reddish-brown organ in people and animals that helps the

body absorb food

13. pancreas A gland near the stomach that helps digestion

14. small intestine The slender part extending from the stomach to the large intestine that

completes the digestion of food

Human Body

vocabulary Words Week 2

 

1. skull The bones of the head that surround and protect the brain

2. ribs Narrow bones that curve around the body from the spine in back to the

breastbone in front. Ribs protect the organs inside

3. humerus The long bone of the upper arm that extends from shoulder to elbow

4. vertebrae Bones that form the backbone

5. pelvis A basin-shaped structure in the skeleton

6. ulna The bone on the little finger side of the forearm

7. radius The bone on the thumb side of the forearm

8. carpals The bones of the wrist

9. metacarpals The bones in the hand

10. phalanges Any bone in the fingers or toes

11. femur The long bone of the leg extending from the hip to the knee and

supporting the thigh

12. patella the kneecap

13. tibia The inner and usually larger of the two bones of the vertebrate hind leg

between the knee and the ankle – also called the shinbone

14. fibula The outer and usually smaller of the two bones of the hind limb below

the knee

15. tarsals The small bones in the foot between the metatarsus and the leg – ankle

16. metatarsals The bones in the foot

Human Body

 

Vocabulary Words Week 3

1. nose A body part on the face just below the eyes, through which air

passes and through which one smells

2. pharynx The space behind the cavity of the mouth into which the nostrils

and esophagus open

3. larynx The upper portion of the windpipe that contain the vocal cords –

voice box

4. trachea The main part of the system of tubes by which air passes to and

from the lungs to make breathing possible

5. bronchial tubes A branch of the windpipe that brings air to and from the lungs –

the windpipe

6. lungs One of the pair od organs for breathing found in the chest. The

lings take in oxygen from the air and remove carbon dioxide from

the blood

7. alveoli Air cells in the lungs

8. respiration The process of taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide

which is breathing

9. exhale To breathe out

10.inhale To breathe air into the lungs

Human Body

Vocabulary Words Week 4

1. involuntary muscle A muscle that works or moves on its own

2. voluntary muscle A muscle that can be controlled

3. joint A place in the body where bones come together and movement can

occur

4. ligament A tough, flexible connecting tissue that attaches one bone to another

bone at a joint

5. nerve Cells along which messages are carried to and from the brain

6. organ Groups of tissues working together

7. reflex An involuntary response not controlled by the brain

8. medulla The smallest part of the brain that controls many involuntary

movements

9. cell The smallest unit of an organism that carries out all activities of life

10.cerebellum The part of the brain that smoothes and coordinates movement

11.cerebrum The part of the brain that controls the ability to think, learn, and talk

12.sensory nerve A nerve that receives messages from inside or outside the body and

sends them to the brain by way of the spinal cord

13.skeleton A hard structure that supports and protects and animal or human’s

body

14.spinal cord A thick, cordlike bundle of nerves along which messages ftravel to

and from the brain

15.tendon A tough, white band of connecting tissue that attaches skeletal

muscle to bone

16.tissue Different cells working together to do the same job

17.oxygen A gas having no color, smell, or taste that humans need to live

18.carbon dioxide A gas made of carbon and oxygen having no color or smell. When

we breathe out, we put carbon dioxide into the air

19.ventricle Either of the two lower chambers of the heart that receive blood

from the auricles and forces it into the artieries

20.atrium The chambers of the heart that receives the blood from the veins

Human Body

Vocabulary Words Week 4